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The 1957 Atlantic hurricane season was a generally inactive year for tropical cyclogenesis in the North Atlantic basin. There were eight tropical storms – two of which went unnamed – and three hurricanes, two of which intensified further to attain major hurricane intensity. The season officially began on June 15 and ended on November 15, though the year's first tropical cyclone developed prior to the start of the season on June 8. The final storm dissipated on October 26, well before the official end of the season. The strongest hurricane of the year was Carrie, which reached the equivalent of a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale on two separate occasions in the open Atlantic; Carrie later caused the sinking of the German ship ''Pamir'' southwest of the Azores, resulting in 80 deaths. In total, the season resulted in at least 513 fatalities and $152.5 million in damages. Hurricane Audrey was the season's most destructive and deadly storm, causing 416 deaths and about $150 million in damages. Audrey made landfall as a Category 4 hurricane near Sabine Pass, Texas in late June. Three other tropical storms in the year made landfalls along the Gulf Coast of the United States, bringing heavy rains that resulted in widespread flooding across much of the Southeastern United States. The highest rainfall total measured associated with a tropical cyclone was in Quarantine, Louisiana during Tropical Storm Esther. However, an unofficial reading of was measured in an unknown location in the Florida panhandle during Tropical Storm One.〔〔 The year's other tropical systems recurved out to sea without causing much impact. After the season, the name Audrey was retired. ==Season summary== ImageSize = width:800 height:200 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/06/1957 till:31/10/1957 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/06/1957 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0.38,0.73,1) legend:Tropical_Depression_=_<39_mph_(0–62_km/h) id:TS value:rgb(0,0.98,0.96) legend:Tropical_Storm_=_39–73_mph_(63–117 km/h) id:C1 value:rgb(1,1,0.80) legend:Category_1_=_74–95_mph_(119–153_km/h) id:C2 value:rgb(1,0.91,0.46) legend:Category_2_=_96–110_mph_(154–177_km/h) id:C3 value:rgb(1,0.76,0.25) legend:Category_3_=_111–130_mph_(178–209-km/h) id:C4 value:rgb(1,0.56,0.13) legend:Category_4_=_131–155_mph_(210–249_km/h) id:C5 value:rgb(1,0.38,0.38) legend:Category_5_=_≥156_mph_(≥250_km/h) Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:Month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:08/06/1957 till:15/06/1957 color:TS text:"One" from:25/06/1957 till:29/06/1957 color:C4 text:"Audrey" from:08/08/1957 till:11/08/1957 color:TS text:"Bertha" from:02/09/1957 till:24/09/1957 color:C4 text:"Carrie" barset:break from:07/09/1957 till:09/09/1957 color:TS text:"Debbie" from:16/09/1957 till:19/09/1957 color:TS text:"Esther" from:20/09/1957 till:27/09/1957 color:C1 text:"Freida" from:23/10/1957 till:27/10/1957 color:TS text:"Eight" bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/06/1957 till:01/07/1957 text:June from:01/07/1957 till:01/08/1957 text:July from:01/08/1957 till:01/09/1957 text:August from:01/09/1957 till:01/10/1957 text:September from:01/10/1957 till:31/10/1957 text:October TextData = pos:(570,30) text:"(From the" pos:(617,30) text:"Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale)" The Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 15, 1957. It was a below-average season in which eight tropical cyclones formed, of which three became hurricanes.〔 Of these hurricanes, two became major hurricanes. In an average season, ten tropical cyclones form, of which five become hurricanes.〔 Five of the season's eight tropical cyclones developed in the Gulf of Mexico, the most since the 1936 season, in which six formed in the gulf.〔 The first tropical storm of the season formed on June 8, a week before the official start of the hurricane season. However, the first named storm, Audrey, formed afterwards, on June 25; these two storms were the only to form in June during the season. July featured no Atlantic tropical cyclones. Tropical Storm Bertha was the only system to form during August, developing in the Gulf of Mexico. Despite warm sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the tropical Atlantic, no storms formed during the month, below the climatological average of one.〔 The low monthly activity was in part due to an unfavorable wind pattern which prevailed across the Atlantic for much of the month. In September, however, conditions for tropical cyclogenesis were more favorable, with concomittent cyclonic activity. Four storms formed, of which two attained hurricane strength, higher than the mean activity of the last 70 Septembers. By contrast, only one tropical storm formed in October, below the average of two in the month. This tropical storm dissipated on October 26, 16 days before the official end of the hurricane season. Five tropical cyclones made landfall during the hurricane season, including one hurricane. All of these storms made landfall on the Gulf Coast of the United States. Property damage that resulted from cyclone-related impacts totaled to $152 million in the United States, with most caused by Hurricane Audrey, which made landfall near the border between Texas and Louisiana.〔 513 deaths were also caused by tropical storms during the season,〔〔〔 with 416 deaths attributable to Hurricane Audrey. The season's activity was reflective with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 84, which is categorized as being "near normal." However, this was under the 1950–2000 average of 96.1. ACE is, broadly speaking, a measure of the power of hurricanes multiplied by the length of time it existed, so storms that last a long time, as well as particularly strong hurricanes, have high ACEs. It is only calculated for full advisories on tropical cyclones with winds exceeding 39 mph (63 km/h), which is tropical storm strength. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1957 Atlantic hurricane season」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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